97 строки
3.9 KiB
TeX
97 строки
3.9 KiB
TeX
% -*- latex -*-
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%
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% Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Trustees of Indiana University and Indiana
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% University Research and Technology
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% Corporation. All rights reserved.
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% Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The University of Tennessee and The University
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% of Tennessee Research Foundation. All rights
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% reserved.
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% Copyright (c) 2004-2005 High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart,
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% University of Stuttgart. All rights reserved.
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% Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Regents of the University of California.
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% All rights reserved.
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% $COPYRIGHT$
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%
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% Additional copyrights may follow
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%
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% $HEADER$
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%
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\chapter{Introduction to Open MPI}
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\label{sec:introduction}
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This chapter provides a summary of the MPI standard and the
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Open MPI implementation of that standard.
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\section{About MPI}
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The Message Passing Interface
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(MPI)~\cite{geist96:_mpi2_lyon,mpi_forum93:_mpi}, is a set of API
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functions enabling programmers to write high-performance parallel
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programs that pass messages between processes to make up an
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overall parallel job. MPI is the culmination of decades of research
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in parallel computing, and was created by the MPI Forum~-- an open
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group representing a wide cross-section of industry and academic
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interests. More information, including the both volumes of the
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official MPI standard, can be found at the MPI Forum web
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site.\footnote{\url{http://www.mpi-forum.org/}}
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MPI is suitable for ``big iron'' parallel machines such as the IBM SP,
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SGI Origin, etc., but it also works in smaller environments such as a
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group of workstations. Since clusters of workstations are readily
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available at many institutions, it has become common to use them as a
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single parallel computing resource running MPI programs.
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%
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The MPI standard was designed to support portability and platform
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independence. As a result, users can enjoy cross-platform development
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capability as well as transparent heterogenous communication. For
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example, MPI codes which have been written on the RS-6000 architecture
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running AIX can be ported to a SPARC architecture running Solaris with
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little or no modifications.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\section{About Open MPI}
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Open MPI is a project combining technologies and resources from
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several other projects (FT-MPI, LA-MPI, LAM/MPI, and PACX-MPI) in
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order to build the best MPI library available. A completely new MPI-2
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compliant implementation, Open MPI offers advantages for system and
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software vendors, application developers, and computer science
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researchers.
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Features implemented or in short-term development for Open MPI
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include:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Full MPI-2 standards conformance
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\item Thread safety and concurrency
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\item Dynamic process spawning
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\item High performance on all platforms
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\item Reliable and fast job management
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\item Network and process fault tolerance
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\item Support data and network heterogeneity
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\item Single library supports all networks
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\item Run-time instrumentation
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\item Many job schedulers supported
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\item Many OS's supported (32 and 64 bit)
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\item Production quality software
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\item Portable and maintainable
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\item Tunable by installers and end-users
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\item Extensive user and installer guides
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\item Internationalized error messages
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\item Component-based design, documented APIs
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\item CPAN-like tool for component management
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\item Active, responsive mailing list
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\item Open source license based on the BSD license
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\end{itemize}
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The organizations (and newly-combined projects) contributing to Open
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MPI are Indiana University (LAM/MPI), the University of Tennessee
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(FT-MPI), and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LA-MPI). Additional
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collaborators are at Sandia National Laboratories and the University
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of Stuttgart. These developers bring many years of combined experience
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to the project.
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